Neomycin and Polymyxin B: A Comprehensive Guide for Dog Owners

Neomycin and polymyxin B are two antibiotics commonly used to treat bacterial infections in dogs. They are often used together in a combination topical ointment.

Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Polymyxin B is a polypeptide antibiotic that works by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.

Uses of Neomycin and Polymyxin B in Dogs

Neomycin and polymyxin B are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections in dogs, including:

• Skin infections: Neomycin and polymyxin B are effective against a wide range of bacteria that can cause skin infections, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Eye infections: Neomycin and polymyxin B can be used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis and other eye infections.
• Ear infections: Neomycin and polymyxin B can be used to treat bacterial otitis externa (ear infection).
• Urinary tract infections: Neomycin and polymyxin B can be used to treat bacterial urinary tract infections.

Dosage and Administration of Neomycin and Polymyxin B

Neomycin and polymyxin B are typically applied topically to the affected area. The dosage and frequency of application will depend on the severity of the infection and the size of the dog.

It is important to follow the directions on the medication label carefully. Do not use neomycin and polymyxin B for longer than the prescribed period of time.

Side Effects of Neomycin and Polymyxin B

Neomycin and polymyxin B are generally well-tolerated by dogs. However, some side effects can occur, including:

• Skin irritation: Neomycin and polymyxin B can cause skin irritation, such as redness, itching, and swelling.
• Allergic reactions: Some dogs may be allergic to neomycin and polymyxin B. Signs of an allergic reaction include hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, and difficulty breathing.
• Kidney damage: Neomycin can damage the kidneys. This is more likely to occur in dogs with kidney problems or in dogs who are taking high doses of neomycin.
• Hearing loss: Polymyxin B can damage the hearing. This is more likely to occur in dogs who are taking high doses of polymyxin B.

Precautions and Contraindications

Neomycin and polymyxin B should not be used in dogs who are allergic to either drug. Neomycin should not be used in dogs with kidney problems. Polymyxin B should not be used in dogs with hearing problems.

Alternatives to Neomycin and Polymyxin B

There are a number of other antibiotics that can be used to treat bacterial infections in dogs. Some common alternatives to neomycin and polymyxin B include:

• Cefazolin
• Cephalexin
• Ciprofloxacin
• Enrofloxacin
• Gentamicin
• Marbofloxacin

Tips and Tricks

• Apply neomycin and polymyxin B to the affected area as directed by your veterinarian. Do not apply the medication more often than prescribed.
• Keep the affected area clean and dry. This will help to prevent the infection from spreading.
• Watch for signs of an infection, such as redness, swelling, and drainage. If you notice any signs of an infection, contact your veterinarian immediately.
• Do not use neomycin and polymyxin B for longer than the prescribed period of time. This can increase the risk of side effects.

Pros and Cons of Neomycin and Polymyxin B

Pros:

• Effective against a wide range of bacteria
• Easy to apply topically
• Relatively inexpensive

Cons:

• Can cause side effects, such as skin irritation and kidney damage
• Not effective against all bacteria
• Can interact with other medications

FAQs

Q: How long should I use neomycin and polymyxin B for?

A: You should use neomycin and polymyxin B for the length of time prescribed by your veterinarian. Do not use the medication for longer than the prescribed period of time.

Q: Can I use neomycin and polymyxin B on my cat?

A: No, neomycin and polymyxin B should not be used on cats. Cats are more susceptible to the side effects of these drugs.

Q: What are the signs of an allergic reaction to neomycin and polymyxin B?

A: Signs of an allergic reaction to neomycin and polymyxin B include hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, and difficulty breathing. If you notice any of these signs, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Call to Action

If your dog has a bacterial infection, talk to your veterinarian about whether neomycin and polymyxin B is the right treatment option.

Table 1: Common Bacterial Infections Treated with Neomycin and Polymyxin B

Table 2: Side Effects of Neomycin and Polymyxin B

Table 3: Precautions and Contraindications for Neomycin and Polymyxin B